The Ethical Theories Of Leadership Essay - 1535 Words

Leadership is not a one size fits all type of thing. Each person has his or her own style of leadership that develops over time. Even though there are many different style of leadership, one thing that most leaders have in common are there values. All leaders want the best for those that they lead, and they want successfully accomplish the task that they are given. In the military, a leader’s ethics are what guide them in day-to-day life and sometimes life or death situations. That is why it is important for leaders to have strong moral guidelines to help them navigate the difficult task of leading in the military. I believe that in order for a military leader to make the best moral decisions, they need to have a blended value of ethical beliefs. I contend that the best ethical theories for military leaders to subscribe to are Utilitarianism and Stoicism. Having proper ethical beliefs and being able to make judgements based off ethical values is what makes a leader in todayâ €™s military great. This importance is highlighted in ADRP 6-22, Army Leadership, According to ADRP 6-22, â€Å"Leaders draw from deep-rooted values and professional competence to demonstrate resolve to do what is right at the right time for the right reason†(ADRP-622). As previously stated, Utilitarianism is one ethical school of thought that will allow leaders to always make the correct decision at the right time. In the words of John Stuart Mill, â€Å"†¦ an indispensable condition to acceptance of theShow MoreRelatedEthical Theories Of Ethical Leadership1209 Words   |  5 PagesDisadvantages of ethical leadership Despite the positive elements ethical leadership can provide to an organisation, it arguable can cause issues as well. Ethical leadership requires the leader’s ethical framework to fall in line with the vision of the organisation. But it’s not just the leader and the organisation that need to be aligned, the subordinates can find it difficult working in an environment with certain ethical standards. You should be aware by now that ethical behaviour depends onRead MoreThe Theory Of Ethical Leadership929 Words   |  4 PagesExplanation of Ethical Leadership The research of Thomas W. H. Ng and Daniel C. Feldman provides quantitative data, which validates the effectiveness of Ethical Leadership through the meta-analysis of 101 ethical leadership related studies conducted over the last 15 years. Somewhat in nascent form, Ethical Leadership (Ng Feldman, 2015) is viewed as conduct predicated on exhibiting positive role mode actions while promoting moral member conduct through collaboration, communication, and reinforcingRead MoreEthics And Morality Are The Same Thing812 Words   |  4 Pagespeople often think ethics and morality are the same thing. But in order to understand ethical leadership, it can be beneficial to view these two concepts differently. One of the most important ethical philosophers of modern times has been John Rawls, who made a clear distinction between comprehensive moral systems and less comprehensive systems. The distinction can help better understand the idea of ethical leadership. To Rawls, the two differ in the following manner: †¢ Comprehensive moral systems coverRead MoreThe Chicago School Of Professional Psychology Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesAnnotated Bibliography Luis A. Santiago-Gaetan The Chicago School of Professional Psychology Brief Introduction This paper contains a brief annotated bibliography of research articles selected on the specific research topic of the perceived institutional ethical behavior of US-based multinational corporations and its relationship with organizational longevity. Following the five peer-reviewed qualitative research articles. APA Annotation Aleksic, A. (2013). How Organizations Achieve Longevity: The Role ofRead MoreLeadership Ethics : Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi And Jack Welch933 Words   |  4 Pagesthat there is no single formula for leadership, and it will be best understood from multiple perspectives (Shriberg and Shriberg, 2011). We also accept the fact that every leader leads differently. Our team has chosen three exemplary leaders of all time – Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi and Jack Welch. Each one of them has exhibited a great amount of leadership skills and up to this day are used as examples in our current globalised economics. Their leadership has shaped countries and their influenceRead MorePerceived Institutional Ethical Behavior Of Us Based Multinational Corporations And Its Relationship With Organizational Longevity Essay1209 Words   |  5 PagesBrief Introduction This paper contains a brief annotated bibliography of research articles selected on the specific research topic of the perceived institutional ethical behavior of US-based multinational corporations and its relationship with organizational longevity. Following the five peer-reviewed qualitative research articles. APA Annotation Aleksic, A. (2013). How Organizations Achieve Longevity: The Role of Change Management in Building Their Sustainability. International journal of the academyRead MoreThe Ethics Of A Leader1604 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is a partnership between two or more people, so it is necessary to design a guideline that allows a leader to create an ethical organization. Even though leadership is impossible without followers, a person must first transform their own ethical theory into a process before they can teach or require ethical behavior from others. Leaders must incorporate their ethical beliefs and decision making template into everyday life. The personal ethics of a leader will cast a light on organizationsRead MoreRobert Nardelli s Leadership Style1338 Words   |  6 Pageshis departure from the company. Nardelli had an interesting leadership style that bordered on the edge of being considered unethical and was considered by many as not being beneficial for the company overall. By evaluating Robert Nardelli’s leadership style against known leadership theories such as trait, behavioral, situational and contingency theories it is easy to dissect his leadership style and make a final decision as to how ethical he was as a leader. Robert Nardelli took over as CEO of HomeRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Leadership1208 Words   |  5 Pagestied to my philosophy of leadership. I reside in the first category of people, those that operate in a moral philosophy that has not been specifically identified, but is strongly tied to my faith. This paper will allow me to express my own personal and leadership philosophy. My personal philosophy has been molded and developed by my upbringing, faith and experiences in my life. A nature and nurture process co-exists to develop one’s guidelines in life and in leadership. We take experiences andRead MoreThe Ethics of Leadership1648 Words   |  7 PagesThe Ethics of Leadership David Draper Ashford University BUS 610- Organizational Behavior Dr. Gary Shelton March 18, 2013 ABSTRACT The paper explores the leadership of Robert Nardelli at home depot during the years of 2000 through 2006. The paper focuses on his methods and actions in the context of leadership theory in an effort to define his specific leadership style. Once defined the paper examines his methods and actions to determine if they were ethical or unethical. Nardelli’s

Importance Of Integrity And Meaning Of Integrity - 1890 Words

IMPORTANCE OF INTEGRITY AND PLAGARISM The definition of Integrity (noun) in the Merriam-Webster dictionary is: 1: firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values: INCORRUPTIVILITY. 2 : an unimpaired condition. 3: the quality or state of being complete or undivided. Here is an example of the word being used on Merriam- Webster dictionary; the earthquake may have damaged the building’s structural integrity. All these are different definitions that explain what integrity is. My own definition is to do the right thing, to be honest and honor your values and morals. Having integrity helps you become a better person and have a healthy life style. As humans it is in our nature to be tempted to do the wrong things such as lie, cheat, and steal. But why do we do these things? Because it is the easy route. As humans we have become lazy looking for the easiest way to make money then we lie to protect ourselves or the ones we love. We cheat to make our lives easier. That’s why we can not trust one another because we know what we are capable of doing. We come up with all these insecurities and questions. Are we good people? Can I trust my co-workers? Questions like this can be avoided if people had integrity if they honored their word if they did the right thing and not be corrupted by other that lack discipline. As a soldier Integrity is one of the army values it means to do the right thing all the time even when no one is looking and even when you are not at work.Show MoreRelatedAcademic Integrity 141289 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the meaning and importance of ‘Academic Integrity’ in assignment completed by undergraduate students. Introduction On a research paper, how much information can you â€Å"borrow† with or without citing the original author?   How do you cite the resources you â€Å"borrowed† or quoted from the original author?   Will anyone know if you submit a friend’s research paper?   No one can see you taking an online test from your living room – should that change how you take a test?   Who is hurt by academicRead MoreImportance Of Academic Integrity Essay728 Words   |  3 Pagesthe online Oxford English Dictionary, integrity is the â€Å"soundness of moral principle; the character of uncorrupted virtue, esp. in relation to truth and fair dealing; uprightness, honesty, sincerity.† How does the dictionary definition of integrity apply to personal thoughts on academic integrity and the importance and impact of such? It provides a firm starting point for the effective communication of ideas (or ideals, in this instance). Academic integrity may mean different things to differentRead MoreTextural Integrity in Gwen Harwood1572 Words   |  7 PagesEXTENDED RESPONSE: Gwen Harwood â€Å"In your view, how has textural integrity been achieved in Harwood’s works. Support your view with detailed reference to at least two of the poems set for study, evaluating the structure and poetic techniques† Through the mastery of the unique structure, style, and coherent textural integrity of her work, Gwen Harwood is widely acknowledged as a ______ poet. Harwood engages the audience personally though the highly personal, yet detached tone and language, thusRead MoreEssay Critique of a Nursing Theory1746 Words   |  7 PagesTheory April 30, 2010 Critique of a Nursing Theory This is a critique of Myra Estrin Levine’s conservation principles model. I will be discussing the meaning of the theory of the four principles; conservation of energy, conservation of structural integrity, conservation of personal integrity, and conservation of social integrity. I will be using the criterion-based model (C-BaC) as a focus of the positive aspects of the theory, as outlined by Johnson Webber (Johnson Webber, 2010, pRead MoreEssay about The Importance of Academic Integrity1278 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept called academic integrity.  This essay will be discussed two questions based around the general topic of ‘Academic Integrity’ in assignment completed by undergraduate students. The two questions to be discussed are what are the meaning of ‘Academic Integrity’? What is the important of ‘Academic Integrity’ in assignment completed by undergraduate students? What are the meanings of ‘Academic Integrity’? Integrity is important in all areas of life. (Academic Integrity: A Letter to my Students*byRead MoreLeadership, An Organization, And A Christian World View986 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Robert F. Dees the author of Resilient Leaders focused the chapters three and four on the core quality character traits (integrity and courage), and the highly sought quality of wisdom. Within this week studies the examination of how the above concepts affect organizations were of main importance, as the discussion progressed there is evidence that a Christian world view was used to better explain these concepts. This particular discussion post is designed to reflect the commonRead MoreThe United States859 Words   |  4 Pagesthe USAF in order to find useful elements that can be implemented in the Italian reality. The joint regulation mentions honesty, integrity, loyalty, accountability, fairness, caring, respect, promise keeping, responsible citizenship, and pursue of excellence as primary values. The USAF first introduced in the early ‘90s six core values: courage, patriotism, integrity, competence, tenacity, and service. The Air Force reason behind this new concept was the reaction to a series of ethical failureRead MoreThe Parable Of The Sadhu Short Story879 Words   |  4 PagesIntegrity in â€Å"The Parable of the Sadhu† Integrity is defined as the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. People always associated integrity with only honesty; however, honesty is not equal to integrity. One can be honest and yet still lacking in integrity. In â€Å"The Insufficiency of Honesty,† Stephen L. Carter claims that integrity requires three steps: discerning what is right and what is wrong; acting on what you have discerned, even at personal cost; and saying openly thatRead MoreWhy Academic Integrity Is Important For The Classroom Of Today s Society1343 Words   |  6 PagesAcademic Integrity is a value that many students, from high school to college, do not take serious; however, it should be taken more serious by these future scholars. Academics are a very important part of today society. Next we have Integrity, an aspect that I believe our society should value more. With the changing times and technology becoming more sophisticated, students are finding it easier and easier to che at on homework and other important assignments and in most cases they get away withRead MoreImportance Of Integrity In The Military1561 Words   |  7 Pagesessay we will be discussing the importance of integrity, and what ways it builds cohesiveness in the United States Army. Integrity is defined as, â€Å"Adherence to moral and ethical principles; soundness of moral character; honesty.† Integrity is one of the ethical values that the army uses to stay in check and remains a key value in the army. Before we look at the importance of integrity, let us first look different definitions of integrity. The true meaning of integrity is sometimes very tricky. Acting

Liberalism in Zambian Governance Free Essays

Every country worldwide is ruled with certain rules and regulations which whether accepted or not by the preponderance, are still accepted as right. Thus, the aim of this essay is to elaborate on the various forms of liberalism, discuss on each of them, and explain while giving clear examples which one of them has been prominent in Zambia from 1991 to present day. It will begin by defining the main concepts; then the forms of liberalism shall be presented and discussed. We will write a custom essay sample on Liberalism in Zambian Governance or any similar topic only for you Order Now Thereafter an analysis of which form of liberalism has been pursued by the Movement for Multiparty democracy and the Patriotic Front in the ruling of the country of Zambia shall follow. A conclusion will then be drawn from the main body. Liberalism has been explained or defined in many ways. It comes from the word liberal, which implies freedom. Therefore if incorporated in the aspect of human life, liberalism means an ideology that advocates for gradual reform in the different aspects of a human life, for instance, social, political and economic aspects. According to Doyle (1986:2), â€Å"liberal resembles a family portrait of principles and institutions, recognizable by certain characteristics, for example, individual freedom, political participation, private property, and equality of opportunity. † From generation to generation, different forms of liberalism have emerged due to various reasons. Classical liberalism is said to be perhaps the oldest form of liberalism, which according to historians, emerged in the 16th, and 17th century though became prominent in the late 19th century. Some of the major pioneers of this type of liberalism were John Locke, David Ricardo and Adam Smith. Classical liberalism hence is said to uphold a French ideology laissez-faire which literally means â€Å"to allow. † When applied to classical liberalism it advocates for non-state participation in the affairs of its citizens, (www. cambridge. org). To sum it up, classical liberalism advocates for â€Å"limited government, protection of personal freedoms, and free markets, they rely on rules of thumb derived from experience,† the Policy (2009:15). Classical liberalism has been criticized heavily that it only benefits the few elite. This led to the emergence of Social liberalism in the mid 19th century. The word in the center of social liberalism is â€Å"equity†. This is where each individual has equal opportunities in society and benefits equally from the economic activities of the state. There is common ownership of means of production and goods are produced not for private profit making but for the benefit of society. Thus, in summary, Social liberalism advocates for equal opportunity, for self realization by the citizens and improvement in social status of everyone with the state as the major player. It is said to be â€Å"committed to individualism but includes protecting individuals from acts of omission as well as commission,† the Policy (2009:16). Another type of liberalism is Political liberalism which focuses on the freedom of citizens in the participation of political activities without interference or hindrance by the state. This type of liberalism was mainly pioneered by John Harsanyi and John Rawls, (Policy, 2009). According to the Policy (2009:4), political liberalism emphasizes that â€Å"everyone has an equal opportunity to hold political office and to influence the decisions made in the political sphere. Green liberalism is liberalism with a notion of sustainable growth. It focuses on preserving the environment even in the midst of growth. Steinberg (2012:1) emphasizes that â€Å"green liberalism is the idea that market forces combined with individuals all doing their part can save the planet. † Though supported by many, this type of liberalism has be en criticized that it is not logical in that for development through liberalism to occur, nature or primary goods are involved hence their exhaustion is inevitable. Neo-liberalism, another form of liberalism, is regarded as a re-introduction of liberalism. Various proponents and scholars have alluded that Neo-liberalism was first coined by the German economists who were trying to compare it with classical liberalism. Boas and Gans-Morse (2009), clearly state that neo-liberalism is both in rejection of laissez-faire policies and emphasizes on humanistic values. Neo-liberalism supports free market trade, private capitalism and private property while it reproves government intervention or interference. This type of liberalism is likened to classical liberalism though it â€Å" goes even further than classical liberalism in that its ultimate goal is to create a world where political action is governed entirely by the free market, so that all decisions are unbiased and fair,† (www. ehow. com). The Neo-liberal policies were and still are widely advocated by International Monetary Fund and World Bank, (struggle. ws). The policies advocated by Neo-liberalism have been criticized in that there is usually unequal distribution of development within a country. Privatization measures are said to benefit the foreigners more than the local people. Even though the IMF and World Bank emphasize that these measures would help improve the welfare of the vast majority, it has been argued that privatisation is characterised with corruption, trade is controlled by the super powers which has seen to the market being populated with cheap imported goods and hence discouraging local producers. These policies are said to only benefit the few elite, (Simutanyi, 2009). Zambia is a landlocked country in the southern part of Africa which after being colonized by the British, gained its independence in 1964. After independence the country had its first president Dr Kenneth Kaunda, leader of the United National Independence Party who according to scholars saw to the rise of autocracy in the country. Thus the country was turned into a one-party state where the state controlled a major part of the economy. Some of the characteristics of Kaunda’s rule include â€Å"a system of terroristic police control; control of all means of effective mass communication, control of all means of effective armed combat,† (Phiri: 2001,2). Since the main aim of the government was to ensure equity, therefore it can be right to say that during that time, Zambia was under Social liberalism, (Simutanyi, 2006). Due to the many shortcomings of the UNIP government for instance the food riots, foreign debt, economic decline and social disintegration, the Multi-Party Movement for Democracy which was headed by Fredrick Chiluba took over leadership and adopted the Neo-liberal policies. There was â€Å"independent rational attitude, free expression and the promotion of private self-interest over general system,† (www. ambiastruggle. com). Sorabjee and Bourne (1996:27), stated that when MMD was elected, there were major changes in the country such as â€Å"privatisation or liquidation of state enterprises, the relaxing of import controls and of investment regulations and barriers, removal of subsidies and other protections, and freer regime in agriculture and manufacturing. † These policies were â€Å"implemented lar gely at the insistance of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank,† House (1991:2). Since the economy was and still is mainly dependant on the mining sector, many mines were privatized so as they can be more productive and efficient. According to Simpere (2010:7) â€Å"under the influence of its lenders especially the World Bank and following the election of a new government in 1991, Zambia decided to dismantle and privatize its mines. † The mines were not the only state-owned enterprises privatized but many other companies, approximately two-hundred and sixty three (263) companies were taken over by foreigners. This happened between 1994 and 2004, which was predominantly during the reign of the MMD precisely Chiluba and Levy Mwanawasa, (Simutanyi,2006). There was also the liberalization of foreign exchange and import. â€Å"Since late 1991, Zambia has fundamentally changed its trade and economic policy. The trade regime has been considerably liberalized and there has been substantial decentralization and deregulation in other spheres of economic activity,† (www. wto. com). The dominance of neo-liberal economic programs in Zambia promised fast and sustainable economic growth, where Adam Smith’s invisible hand comes in play that the majority of the poor would benefit, (Zambian Economist, 2007). Thus the MMD fully adopted the Neo-liberal policies and the government enacted economic and political liberalism in the country. The Patriotic Front led by President Michael Sata is the current party in government in Zambia. It was elected into power in 2011 during the tripartite elections held in Zambia. It is not clear whether the state under the current government is undertaking a neo-liberal type of governance or a socialist. Some spectators have argued that due to the move of the Patriotic Front to join the Socialist International, the country seems to be heading into the direction of a socialist state, (www. zambia. com). Even though this is so, the Patriotic Front government has corrected the misunderstanding that they shall continue to advocate for socio-economic liberalism spearheaded by neo-liberal policies as was stated in their manifesto, (m. lusakatimes. om). Nothing much has, in reality changed during the past twelve months of the Patriotic Front’s rule as compared to the twenty year rule of the MMD. Companies are still privatized, trade liberalism still exists, democracy still prevails and the existence of property rights exists as well. The country of Zambia still values the foreign investors and their relationship with other capitalist societies with whom they enjoy the benefits of trade liberalism. Therefore, neo-liberalism as proven above has been the dominant type of liberalism in Zambia from 1991 to present day. Even with the consequences of neo-liberalism such as increase in the poverty level, increased debt, uneven development, Zambia continues to boast of being one of the most liberalized states in Southern Africa. In conclusion, liberalism has been a major player in determining the role of the state in Zambia, hence among the many types of liberalism Neo-liberalism has been adopted by the country of Zambia to spear-head its development. What is not certain is, if it were not for the government being pressured by the IMF and the World Bank, would it have, on its own adopted the neo-liberal policies or it would have continued as a social state? How to cite Liberalism in Zambian Governance, Papers

Principles of Software Engineering

Question: Describe about the Principles of Software Engineering. Answer: This is a well used method by the programmers and the project development team so that they can easily describe the services to the users. Extreme programming mostly being used by the programmers in softwares which are designed to do complex services to the users. These should be more understandable as common public users would interact with these systems in their day to day life. Such as ATM and Parking Machines. Advantage: There are certain advantages of the story type explanation in extreme programming where the programmers express the user requirements as stories. This is one of the best methods to express the requirements so that anyone can easily understand it. Storytelling is always considered as a most convenient way to spread the message to the masses. Extreme programming expresses the requirements in stories which can be well understandable to the users. This will help them to understand the operational situation in a more real way. As we have seen in ATM Machines where the software asks the users to insert the card or take the receipt. This way can be better express the functionality to the user. Users can easily understand the functionality. It requires less maintenance. Its short and this makes it easy to implement. Users stories are useful in project planning as these are written in a manner which refers the difficulty level of the Project so that project team can understand the difficulty and time requirements (Sommerville, 2004). Disadvantage: This makes it informal in nature, sometimes users failed to detect the main motto of the stories. Sometimes users got confused with the user requirements. The stories are mainly focused on the functional requirements. It's hard to make an agreement between the user and the developer as the customer may have different understand with the team, this will make the design more difficult (Cohn, 2008). There are different requirement for a computer based system which are listed below. Functional requirements: this is the basic blueprint or the instructions for the activities and services which the computer would provide to the users. Non-Functional requirements: The non-functional requirements are the constraints which can be observed in the services and function offered by the system. These include time constraints, development constraints as well. User requirements: This mainly defines the basic user requirements which include the representation of the services which are being offered by the system for the users. These are generally shown in natural language and in the diagram. System requirements: The system requirements include the description of the system along with the constraints, properties. Logical database requirements: The logical database requirements are another kind of requirements which are needed to access and identify the files within a system so that all the functions and services must access The requirement review is a critical and important part in the development. The requirement review consists the project team members like programmers, designers, and stockholders involved with it. At first company determine the requirement prior to development and later on the consult with different stockholders for a final approach towards the system. The system requirement review is mainly done with respect to the designers and developers who will be responsible for the developing the software and the user who will use it. The managers and employees also can attend the review meeting and can give the feedback at the time of brainstorming. Process Model: (Source: kotonaya, 1998) The requirement review consists of 6 stages which are Plan review, Distribute documents Prepare for reviews, Hold review meetings, follow up actions and Review documents. 4. In petrol pump where users swipe their card and specify the amount of fuel required. The fuel delivered and the amount debited from the account of the customer. To specify these activities we need to write a natural language description and user requirements. This includes, The system must ask the users to swipe their cards for starting the process. Once the card is perfectly swiped the system will ask the Personal Identity Number (PIN) which is linked to the card and this is required for the successful transaction. The system will ask about the amount of fuel which is required by the user. The systems then ask the user to insert the pump nozzle into the gas tank and a sensor will take care about the amount of fuel the tank can hold. After successfully delivering the fuel the system will show the amount which is being debited from the users account. The Cash Dispensing functions in ATM: The system will ask the user to insert the debit card into the ATM Machine. The system will ask the 5 digit PIN for successful login into the account. The System then asks the user about the desired Withdrawal amount from the ATM. The system will match the input amount with the Balance of the users account; if the balance is more than then the desired amount then the system will proceed. The systems release a slip showing the withdrawal and remaining balance into the account. Spell Checker in Word Processor: The system will identify the miswritten words with a red When the user right clicks over the miswritten words the system will provide options such as a replace word ignore option or add to dictionary option. Once the user chooses one option the system will mark the word as perfect and red underline will disappear. 5. Elicit requirements mean to find out the requirement from the stockholders. This is an important thing for proceeding with any kind of design and concept. There are different ways to find the elicit requirements, some of them are; interviewing, workshop, focus group and brain storming (Liles, 2012). Interviewing: The Business group either interviews a person or a group of stockholders to find out the requirements. Workshops: Workshop is an important and beneficial way to find out the requirements from the user groups. These are organized by the project team to find the insight about it. The team and the stockholder will discuss each thing in detail so that they can address all the issues. Focus Group: The project team selects a bunch of peoples who are either stockholders or experts from the required industry. The team developer, designers starts an interactive session with the peoples to find out more about the requirements. Brainstorming: Brainstorming is basically done to quickly decide the ideas which can be useful for the project. A selected topic is being provided to the selected group on which they have to make relevant and accurate comments in a given time limit. This is also considered an important aspect in defining the requirements as people's provide different views regarding the requirements and project. 6. An engineer is responsible for the perfect accomplishment of all the requirements in the project. As we know he has to make sure that each of the user requirements must be addressed as well as the needs to track the relationship between the functional and non-functional requirements. One mainly recognizes the general requirements of the system. This address the main motto of the system like what a system must do and what they have to address. The nonfunctional requirements are not directly linked with the services which the software is delivering to the users. Moreover, it takes care about the performance perspective and the security of the system. These two have a relationship as for each function they need to address some non functional requirements, which are needed to be addressed for successful service delivery to the user. An engineer should make a list of the requirements which will take care of it for more user friendly services. Engineer has to address these issues perfectly so that they can perfectly address the entire requirement and deliver perfectly described service to the user (Kotonya, 1998).. 7. When a change has to be made in the system which needed to maintain consistency between the requirement and the system. These changes can be accomplished by making desired change in the programming code on a priority basis. The changes must be made after the complete analysis of the requirement and the problems which are being observed in the system. These are considered as an important aspect of the system as this will help the programmer to make the system more user-friendly. In emergency cases the modification on the code is done on the priority basis, after the changes the code will be submitted for the analysis and at last, the code will be restructured in the arrangement. If it has to done in other case, the first thing is to determine the requirement impacts and then made a change in the requirements. The programmer will made a change in the program code and update the code in the database. The following model perfectly describes the changes: (Source: kotonaya, 1998) This model will address the changing process which could be done in emergency changes or in none emergency cases. Reference: Sommerville, .A, 2004, Software Engineering: Seventh Edition, Pearson Education Cohn, .M, 2008, Advantages of User Stories for Requirements Retrieved From https://www.mountaingoatsoftware.com/articles/advantages-of-user-stories-for-requirements Kotonya, G. and Sommerville, I. 1998. Requirements Engineering: Processes and Techniques Chichester, UK: John Wiley and Sons. Chemuturi, M. (2013). Requirements Engineering and Management for Software Development Projects. Liles, .J, 2012, Methods for Eliciting - Not Gathering Requirements Retrieved from https://www.batimes.com/articles/methods-for-eliciting-not-gathering-requirements.html

David Hume Essays (4099 words) - David Hume,

David Hume "I was from the beginning scandalised, I must own, with this resemblance between the Deity and human creatures." --Philo David Hume wrote much about the subject of religion, much of it negative. In this paper we shall attempt to follow Hume's arguments against Deism as Someone knowable from the wake He allegedly makes as He passes. This kind of Deism he lays to rest. Then, digging deeper, we shall try our hand at a critique of his critique of religion, of resurrecting a natural belief in God. Finally, if there's anything Hume would like to say as a final rejoinder, we shall let him have his last word and call the matter closed. To allege the occurrence of order in creation, purpose in its constituent parts and in its constituted whole, regularity in the meter of its rhythm and syncopations, and mindful structure in the design and construction of Nature is by far the most widely used and generally accepted ground for launching from the world belief in an intelligent and omnipotent designer god. One does not have to read for very long to find some modern intellectual involved in the analysis of some part of Nature come to the "Aha!" that there's a power at work imposing order, design, structure and purpose in creation. Modern religious piety salivates at the prospect of converting scientists and will take them any way it can. From Plato to Planck the problematic lion of religion must be rendered safe and tame. Religion must be reasonable, after all, we are reasonable "men." Einstein writes that the scientist's "religious feeling takes the form of rapturous amazement at the harmony of natural law, which reveals an intelligence of such superiority that, compared with it, all the systematic thinking and acting of human beings is an utterly insignificant reflection." We have been struck dumb, however; we can no longer be incautious with such temptations to believe, with such sirens sounding for sensible, systematic sureness. The Design Argument has been mortally wounded by David Hume. The god arrived at by arguments on the one-way street of effect to the cause is dead; we should never have allowed him to live. In Section XI of the Enquiry, and throughout the Dialogues Hume subjects the Argument from Design to searching and searing philosophical analysis, to the point in his mind that it is forever dead, and to the point in our minds that we wonder why the world has not yet received the obituary. Why did it not die from the exposure to which Hume subjected it? Who resurrected this false phoenix? Has the Design Argument been forever altered by Hume? Can it render service in post-Hume discussions? These are the questions we should confront. David Hume's philosophy of religion is fatal to the natural revelation of Deism. His arguments the camp of unbelief have appropriated. It is an argument against any inductive proof for God's existence. What Hume seeks to show is the failure of this argument to establish the type of deity that belief in a particular providence or divine action must require one to assert. This he sets out first and in preliminary fashion in Section XI of the Enquiry and with more plethoric attention in the Dialogues. In both books he employs the dialogue form to embody his attacks. The argument of the former is mistitled. Fourteen of the seventeen pages have nothing to do with immortality or "particular providence." Hume's argument here is from the particular effect to the existence of a cause sufficient for its production. Causes are to be known from effects alone; to ascribe to it any superfluous qualities goes beyond the bounds of strict logical reasoning. The imagination must be philosophically bridled. When ten ounces are raised in a balance one can surely surmise a counterbalance exceeding ten ounces, but one can hardly offer any justification for the counterbalance to weigh 100 ounces. Transferred to philosophical theology, it is impossible to derive legitimately from a natural theology any relevancy in conclusions arrived at over and above what can be independently and directly supported by empirical study of the universe. Such innocuous-sounding, even camouflaged assertions by Hume were in actuality a D-Day invasion on the Normandy Beach of the Deists. The first salvo is a statement of the terms of reference: You then . . . have acknowledged that the chief or sole argument for a divine existence (which I have never questioned) is derived from the order of nature, where there appear such marks of intelligence and design that

Music Appreciation Renissance Era essays

Music Appreciation Renissance Era essays During the Middle Ages music really came alive. It was the first time that music was recorded and written down. Music first became notated in Northern Italy. A major part of music is the instruments. There are seven classifications of instruments, they are : Strings, Brass, Percussion, Woodwinds, Keyboard, Electronics, and Voice. The most powerful of them all is Voice. After the year 1100, instruments were the most common in church. The organ, a keyboard instrument , was one of the most popular. Sound has four classifications, they are : volume, pitch, tone, and duration. It also has a Dynamics scale written in Italian to help indicate. Pianissimo (pp) meaning very soft, Piano (p) meaning soft, mezzo piano (mp) meaning moderately soft, mezzo forte (mf) meaning moderately loud, forte (f) meaning loud, and fortissimo (ff) meaning very loud. There are three elements of music. Those elements are : Melody, Harmony, and Rhythm. Melody is a series of single tones that add up to a recogniz able whole. Harmony is how chords are constructed and how they follow each other. Rhythm is an ordered flow of music through time, also said to be the pattern of duration of notes and silences in music. There are several techniques that create musical form, they are : repetition, contrast, and variation. Music has different textures that help define the way something is heard. Monophonic is a single unaccompanied melodic line. Like a cappella, which means vocal music- voices alone without instrumental accompaniment . Then there is Polyphonic which is a simultaneous, of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest. It adds dimension. Finally there is Homophonic which is to hear one main melody accompanied by chords. The attention is focused on the melody. The general name that is given to music performed outside of the church is called secular. Music that is performed inside of the church is called ...

Explain how far the New York Courts have extended the case Brady v Research Paper

Explain how far the New York Courts have extended the case Brady v. Maryland and its requirement for a prosecutor to turn over exculpatory evidence to the defense - Research Paper Example The prosecution allowed this but hid the statement in which the companion admits to the actual killing. The petitioner did not notice that statement was missing until after his sentence. After the denial to receive evidence by the prosecution issues of oppression rose that the prosecutor denied the petitioner right to the due process of law. The Maryland court of appeal remanded the case requesting for a new trial, a new trial however was only for the question of punishment This case involved both Brady and Boblit; both found guilty of first-degree murder. In the trials the petitioner( Brady), when the prosecution denied him the evidence in which Boblit admitted to the actual killing he appealed to the Maryland court of appeal which requested foe the new trial. The basis for this trial was the question of punishment, the question of punishment in Brady and Boblits case was a murder committed in an incidence of robbery. The punishment to the crime of murder in Maryland was death or life imprisonment This case brought rise to the Bradys rule, which represents a limited departure from the existing pure adversary model. This is due to the fact that the prosecutor role transcends to that of the adversary. During the litigation of the Bradys crime, that defense should always examine whether the prosecution team acts consistently with the aim to assist the defense in that making of the case or whether it is acting strategically. The Brady versus Maryland case brought about some of the rules used in different courts in New York; this rules resulted from the failure of the prosecutor to provide the information needed by the defendant. In this case as per the fourteenth amendment, due process states that the turnover all the information is a major requirement. The amendments due process states that the suppression of evidence by the prosecution upon request by the defendant, evidence

No one has to go to school Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

No one has to go to school - Essay Example He then suggests repealing compulsory-attendance laws in order for public schools to provide better education to those who are committed and willing to learn. The article demonstrates how the compulsory-attendance law is not delivering the goods it promised to deliver- increase the number of children attending school. Quite the contrary, it has negligible impact on the number of children attending school. Moreover, this law is not rigidly followed because of its costs and public schools are forced to accept and teach unruly students. The author believes that the time spent to teach these disorderly students should instead be spent on serious learners. Hence, the author comes to a conclusion that removing compulsory-attendance laws will be a financially smart move. The author explains that without compulsory-attendance laws teachers students, especially those in the elementary level, will be forced to take their studies more seriously, or else they will lose their chance of acquiring higher formal education. And, lastly, the author argues that schools should not be looked upon as a jack-of-all-trades, because schools are created to fulfill only one major function—to

Donald trump Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Donald trump - Essay Example A prominent and successful figure who exemplified success in entrepreneurship is Donald Trump. Tarkovsky (2007) identified the secret which made Donald Trump a billionaire: land. As Donald Trump said: â€Å"I just love real estate. Its tangible, its solid, and its beautiful." In addition, in an article written by Christine (2008) on Donald Trump’s Mantras for Successful Entrepreneurship, she averred that Mr. Trump’s golden traits of entrepreneurship are: â€Å"(1) Be passionate about your work. Mr. Trump summarizes passion as â€Å"Enthusiasm on a big scale† and it is the most essential ingredient for a successful career; (2) Be Confident about your decisions. Never step back after taking a decision and don’t give up until every possibility of success have been explored; (3) Think Big to make big achievements. Although it is believed that one should take small steps initially when starting a new project but Mr. Trump strongly believes, â€Å"Thinking big can get you to the top,† He always urge people on taking big and bold decisions; (4) Your learning process should never come to an end. No matter how successful you become, never think you have learnt everything. Despite his packed schedule, Mr. Trump reads everything he can and strives to get information he can use from everyone he meets; (5) Taking risks. Business is all about taking risks so hold your breath and always be ready to face difficulties. Most of the people do not make new experiments because they fear failure but Mr. Trump describes it as the perfect formula for being unsuccessful; (6) Learn to negotiate. To stay connected with people, you have to negotiate and make compromises at times; (7) Enjoy competition. Mostly people are scared from competition without realizing that it helps improve our performance and achieve more success. Mr. Trump says â€Å"I love competition because, ultimately, it makes me

Japan Approach To New Product Development Information Technology Essay

Japan Approach To New Product Development Information Technology Essay Japans manufacturing industry can be the largest industry that contributes in the Japanese economy. It is admired by the various researchers that the Japanese companies enable to target the aspects of corporate and research strengths. Through the use of the various technologies, which half maybe came from their land, the Japanese companies laid broader approach regarding the idea of product development. In general, Japanese approach to the product development has a large numbers of changes. For example, the automobile industry in Japan had radical steps such as the application of the concept of the fuel cells (Masaru and Kazuhiko, 2009). The organization has an aim to provide the quality solution by answering two of the biggest issues in the era of modernization the environmental destruction and the problem in the oil, gas, and other petroleum products. From this example the organization can have the full opportunity to be the first company that enables to incorporate the use of technology. But the drawback is the cost of the product that might be too expensive for the customers (Masaru and Kazuhiko, 2009). Japan has strength to set the flow of trend in the market and the high level of technology delivers the variety of strategies that can, however, minimize the appearance of the present problems. Japanese culture views technology as a tool for making marketable products (Takahiro and Joe, 1995). Production technology is central to such a view and has become a clear force in developing competitive advantage for Japans industrial giants. An effective vision of next-generation products combined with continuous product improvements provides the vision for upstream developments (Takahiro and Joe, 1995). Japans focus on production equipment and process improvements is directed towards designing for cost and manufacturability: that is, Japans focus is on designing processes to improve productivity, increase quality, and decrease cost; designing concurrent engineering methods to speed product introductions; developing software to implement and improve factory automation; and devising effective management methods related to all of the above (Takahiro and Joe, 1995). On the other hand, the UK has a responsibility in meeting their own set of standards based on the participating companies, research, and government organizations and then, latter develop their product (Sven Haake, et al., 2000). Again, the automobile manufacturing is the example that can be use. The approach of the UK in the product development was prioritized on various concerns such as addressing the organizations participation in terms of security. If the manufacturers followed the innovation of fuel cell, the assurance of the UKs framework should be also developed for the proper deployment. Such policies like the use of technologies, standards, codes, and infrastructures are the UKs gateway toward the evolution (Sven Haake, et al., 2000). Comparison of Product Improvement Techniques: The Japanese plants have continued to make improvements in terms of labour efficiency and still lead their UK counterparts, by a significant margin. Labour productivity in the UK plants has been more or less static (and actually shows a decline). Although on average production volumes in the plants in the two countries have risen, Japan has managed this with a much smaller increase in headcount than the UK plants, and without a major rationalization of product ranges (Masaru and Kazuhiko, 2009). Plants in the two countries have made significant progress in reducing the proportion of defective products that reach their customers (that is, the car makers, in the case of this study). Japan continues to lead the UK in quality performance by a margin of around 35 per cen. Given the sustained, and in some areas increasing, performance advantage of the Japanese plants, it is precisely in areas such as these that renewed interest should be taken (Masaru and Kazuhiko, 2009). The measures rele vant to the closeness of buyer supplier relations largely present a picture of continuity, rather than change, in Japan. The tight logistics symptomatic of close social relations between buyers and suppliers have if anything becomes tighter over the last seven years. Of course it may be that changes in the commercial relations between firms do not affect such operational details, though this would run counter to what has been the accepted wisdom through much of the 1980s and 1990s, namely that it is the very existence of tight social relations that permits and facilitates operational excellence (Takahiro and Joe, 1995). An alternative explanation is that changes in social relations are occurring, but that the lag inherent in any such changes is obscuring this. The economic problems experienced by Japan at a macroeconomic level should not distract from the continuing lessons that may be gleaned from operational assessments of Japanese manufacturers. In difficult circumstances, Japane se plants have continued to improve their operational performance. The concept of continuous improvement is one of the most significant components of the Japanese model of manufacturing; the evidence reported here suggests that this concept remains an enduring feature of Japanese manufacturers and it remains an area where Western manufacturers, especially UK, may have much to learn (Takahiro and Joe, 1995). Methods of Product Development: Below are two important methods that are used by Japanese companies: Prototyping: is the process of building a model of a system. In terms of an information system, prototypes are employed to help system designers build an information system that intuitive and easy to manipulate for end users. Prototyping is an iterative process that is part of the analysis phase of the systems development life cycle (Glenn, et al., 2008). During the requirements determination portion of the systems analysis phase, system analysts gather information about the organizations current procedures and business processes related the proposed information system. In addition, they study the current information system, if there is one, and conduct user interviews and collect documentation. This helps the analysts develop an initial set of system requirements (Glenn, et al., 2008). Prototyping can augment this process because it converts these basic, yet sometimes intangible, specifications into a tangible but limited working model of the desired information system. The user feedback gained from developing a physical system that the users can touch and see facilitates an evaluative response that the analyst can employ to modify existing requirements as well as developing new ones (Michael and Mitzi, 2000). Prototyping comes in many forms from low tech sketches or paper screens (Pictive) from which users and developers can paste controls and objects, to high tech operational systems using CASE (computer-aided software engineering) or fourth generation languages and everywhere in between. Many organizations use multiple prototyping tools. For example, some will use paper in the initial analysis to facilitate concrete user feedback and then later develop an operational prototype using fourth generation languages, such as Visual Basic, during the design stage (Mic hael and Mitzi, 2000). Some Advantages of Prototyping: Reduces development time. Reduces development costs. Requires user involvement. Developers receive quantifiable user feedback. Facilitates system implementation since users know what to expect. Results in higher user satisfaction. Exposes developers to potential future system enhancements (Gerri, 1999). Some Disadvantages of Prototyping Can lead to insufficient analysis. Users expect the performance of the ultimate system to be the same as the prototype. Developers can become too attached to their prototypes. Can cause systems to be left unfinished and/or implemented before they are ready. Sometimes leads to incomplete documentation. If sophisticated software prototypes (4th Generation Language or CASE (computer-aided software engineering) Tools) are employed, the time saving benefit of prototyping can be lost (Gerri, 1999). Because prototypes inherently increase the quality and amount of communication between the developer/analyst and the end user, its use has become widespread. In the early 1980s, organizations used prototyping approximately thirty percent (30%) of the time in development projects. By the early 1990s, its use had doubled to sixty percent (60%) (Juha, 2005). Although there are guidelines on when to use software prototyping. Prototyping will grow even bigger in the future especially in the UK as it will reduce time and cost and will help by pushing the economy as the new products will be available to consumers in lesser time. Time-Based Concurrent Engineering: Despite the fact that Japanese manufacturers have led the way in compressing time by speeding up product development, Toyotas unique adaptation of concurrent engineering appears a contradiction of universal thinking. Instead of pursuing design decisions as early as possible by marshalling the energies of all team members, Toyota uses a method best described as set-based concurrent engineering (Sotiris, 2005). Designers at Toyota work with sets of design alternatives instead of systematically carrying one basic idea through progressive iterations. The sets are gradually narrowed until a final solution is agreed upon. Toyota uses a relatively unstructured development process in which decisions are purposely delayed, so that suppliers are not provided with final specifications until very late in the process. Another unique aspect of the process is that numerous prototypes are built and evaluated. Many automobile industry experts feel that prototyping and subsequent testing are two phase s of the product development process that greatly extend cycle time. However, tile paradoxical system employed by Toyota is undoubtedly effective. Toyota is recognized as the world leader in fast and efficient development of vehicles (Sotiris, 2005). In general, Japanese companies have been ahead of almost everyone in adopting fast product development tactics. Some Japanese companies, however, found in the 1990s that despite committing more emphasis and capital to Time-Based Competition (TBC) strategies, they were not achieving competitive advantages, higher margins, and more profit (A. Al-shaab, et al., 2009). It was difficult to gain an advantage when every other company was employing the same strategy. Further, it appears the Japanese made their companies time-based in terms of efficiency, instead of embracing a more encompassing strategy. These Japanese firms failed to carry TBC beyond the initial phases of implementation. They neglected to recognize that TBC strategy is a constantly evolving exercise that must focus on the needs of customers. The lesson to be learned is that time compression is not a cure-all. Time reductions that are not tied to viable business strategies can dramatically reduce profits by unnecessarily inc reasing costs (A. Al-shaab, et al., 2009). One Japanese design and development methodology that helps enable quality planning throughout the concurrent engineering process is Quality Function Deployment (QFD). Unlike other quality methods originally developed in the West, the QFD methodology was born out of Total Quality Control (TQC) activities in Japan during the 1960s. Development was motivated by two issues [1]: how to design a new product that meets customer needs, and [2] the desire to provide QC process charts (control plan) to manufacturing before initial production (Nick, et al., 2002). The QFD methodology provides a structured framework for concurrent engineering that propagates the voice of the customer through all phases of product development. Concurrent-engineering is one of the best methods in developing a new product. It involves many small and big companies in contributing towards the product at the same time. The future of this method is great as it will involve more engineers and companies in producing the product, hence, it will reduce the time to produce a new product. Conclusion and Future of UK Product Development: The Japanese tend to recruit scientists primarily within basic research and if one compares Japan to the UK, the latter has many more people in basic research reflecting the concept of creativity in invention inherent in the British economy. Japan however has its focus and thus its advantage in applied research (A. Al-shaab, et al., 2009). Japanese manufacturing companies recruit far more engineers and integrate them across the whole company. When comparing the number of engineers in product development and design in the UK to those in Japan, the latter tends to actively invest and nurture more resources, and hence create better capability. If the Japanese manufacturers have strength in setting the trends in the market, the UK manufacturing industry has strength by following the governmental policies. The UK needs to invest more in engineers and make new products research easier to develop by given scientist less tougher rules by the government and much more funds and investment from both companies and the government. They also need to integrate more engineers in the manufacturing area so they could be in equal place with Japan.

Explication of The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Essay -- Poems Poet

Explication of "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" Prufrock begins his â€Å"Love† song with a peculiar quote from Dante’s Divine Comedy. It reads: â€Å"If I believed that my answer were to a person who could ever return to the world, this flame would no longer quiver. But because no one ever returned from this depth, if what I hear is true, without fear of infamy, I answer you.† In the Divine Comedy these lines are spoken by a damned soul who had sought absolution before committing a crime. I think that Eliot chose this quote to show that Prufrock is also looking for absolution, but for what he is unsure. â€Å"Let us go then, you and I, (1).† We are being offered an invitation into Prufrock’s world. As you read on you see what Prufrock sees and how he perceives it. Take for example, line 3, where he says â€Å"Like a patient etherized upon a table;†. On the line before he is describing the evening sky. Prufrock is feeling oppressed by the night sky, or maybe the world in general. The word â€Å"etherized† makes me think he feels helpless. Then you pass by cheap hotels, and restaurants with sawdust floors. Prufrock seems to be getting annoyed when he says, â€Å"Streets that follow like a tedious argument/ Of insidious intent† (8-9). Will these streets never end? Is it their goal to annoy me? Are questions I can imagine him asking himself. Then the whimsy kicks in. Do these streets lead to one overwhelming question? â€Å"Oh, do not ask, ‘What is it?’† (11) Prufrock seems to be pleading. Whatever you do, don’t ask me that question. There is no choice, whatever the destination, we must accompany him and we must make our â€Å"visit†. â€Å"In the room the women come and go/ Talking of Michelangelo† (13-14). We have arrived at o... ...t a bit obtuse;/At times, indeed, almost ridiculous-/ Almost, at times, the Fool† (112-119) Prufrock is describing himself as he sees himself. Honestly, and without glory. That is who HE is. In the next two lines we see his weariness with his current lifestyle. He just wants to sit back and relax. Not worry about what everyone else thinks. He has seen social bells sing to each other, but not to him. He has seen them come and go and grow old in style. That is not what he wants. â€Å"We have lingered in the chambers of the sea/ By sea-girls wreathed in seaweed red and brown,/ Till human voices wake us, and we drown† (129-131). We live in the delusional social world. Surrounded by beauties of all kinds. Eventually, the beauty fades and we realize what is important in life, but usually by then we are â€Å"drowning† or dying and don’t have the time to enjoy it.

Leasing Research Paper Essay

A lease is a contract written between two people one of whom is the owner of a property lending it to another party who uses it and gives financial compensation for the exchange. There are many different types of lease arrangements for property. They include full service, net, percentage, and gross leases (Lank, 2003). Â  To begin with, full service lease is mostly used by tenants who use multi-tenant office buildings where the landlord provides all essential services to his or her lessee (Kennedy, 2005). Such landlord-provided services include water as well as security. Another kind of lease is the gross lease whereby the tenant pays for the gross rent but the landlord pays for the maintenance, insurance, and also the property costs (Steingold & Steingold, 2010). Conversely, the net lease is implemented whereby the tenant takes responsibility for all expenses and amenities which he or she needs to use in the running of his or her business (Peca, 2009). On the other hand, percentage lease plays out when the tenant pays a percentage of the gross revenue (Tamper, 2002). Further, when calculating the gross revenue, one has to deduct all the items that might overstate one’s revenue, for example, items that may overstate sales. There are other lease terms which need to be taken into consideration when entering into a contract related to a lease property. They include lease hold improvements which, if overlooked, can ultimately be very expensive. Knowledge of these issues ensures that the landlord makes any necessary renovations or else leave it open for the tenant to improve for himself or herself, as per certain guidelines and restrictions. In addition, the lease length matters since the duration depends on the landlord, all the amenities offered, as well as the tenant. The advantages of leasing building, medical equipment, and office furniture and equipment include: – Flexibility, when we lease a building, there is room to relocate to another area which suits our provision of medical services to the people. This arrangement can enable us to shift our services to a place where we can access more customers than if we built it in a place where there is low demand for our services. Moreover, there are few responsibilities attached to the management since most of the responsibilities are passed onto the land lords, thus increasing the turnover. Conversely, there is less tax paperwork since the income tax will be simpler to file. This is because building owners normally have very many forms to fill which will not be present in leasing. When we want to run the business without affecting the cash flow, it will be more beneficial to preserve the cash flow by leasing equipment rather than buying them since high initial capital is required to purchase the medical equipment. Further, when we lease equipment, it helps to maintain and build a strong credit background which helps to expand the working capital through smaller initial investment (Haight & Singer, 2005). Further, such an initiative helps in reduction of tax since one does not pay tax on the leased properties. In turn, this helps the business to regain money spent on regular expenses which are adjusted to increase credits and deductions. Lease of property allows business operators to satisfy the business needs on the allotted budget which is more flexible than when purchasing a commodity. Leasing agents always try to please their customers and thus always offer upgrades. The initial capital of upgrading your equipment is therefore highly minimized since one does not purchase them but the leasing agent improves his equipment. This allows one to use improved equipment. The cost of purchasing equipment is spread over a long period of time. After leasing the equipment, it is still owned by the leassor thus one has security of their money, therefore making one to have a credit check pass rather than other forms of finance. A lease contract is always fixed, therefore making it easier to budget. The major disadvantages of leasing property are that there is no ownership of property or equipment. One cannot thus upgrade his or her equipment to improve the performance of one’s office. If the equipment becomes outdated, one cannot sell or discard them without paying much money so as to cancel the contract. The purchase of the equipment may be very hard since it may be difficult to arrange for the purchase which is not simple. Rather, arranging for the purchase of the mostly very expensive items is easier. Sometimes it becomes a long-term expense, although it saves one from paying a large sum of money at once. This is clearly seen when one uses the standard lease wherein one pays for the cost of purchase with the charges of the leasing company. After a leasing period expires, one has to continue paying rent so as to use the equipment. The money one pays for an equipment is thus considerably more than the actual marked price of the product. Although one has not purchased the product, he or she has to maintain and repair it. If one lacks trained personnel, it may prove to be very expensive when a major repair is required, thus increasing the monthly payments (Perlis & Bradley, 2004). A lease has a high interest cost because the lessor makes returns from the leased products, implicating that they get high returns thus making their firm more qualified to borrow so as to purchase other assets. There is lack of the recovery value of the product if one needs to purchase the product. This is evident in products which depreciate in value. There is also difficulty in improving the products. This is because one is prohibited to make improvements on the products without the owner’s approval. It makes it hard to put finances on the leased property, thus making the lender the security to improve the product. If a product becomes outdated, one continues to pay for it till the lease period is over and even continues to use it even if it increases the production cost of one’s products. There are other expenses which follow if the owner had not paid for them, for example, one has to insure property if the owner had not insured. If you have to purchase a property, you lack background information about it unless a nearby neighbor sells to you, a situation which makes many leases to be inflexible (Boiron & Boiron, 008). When one wants to purchase a product, the market is usually untested to the resold product. There is also depreciation of the asset value before the end of the lease period. When it comes to selling of the companies head office, it is a very bad idea to sell and lease it again as this can cause a lot of damages to the company’s outlook if the owner decides not to lease it back. Further, we have to go and search for another to lease. If we decide to get any mortgage loan, we shall lack property to assist us in securing a loan which can help us run the business. The advantage of selling the head office is that we can shift to an area with high market for our services. References Boiron. P.; & Boiron, C. (2008). Commercial real estate investing in Canada: The complete reference for real estate. Â  Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Haight, G. T.; & Singer, D. (2005). The real estate investment handbook. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Kennedy, J. (2005). The small business owner’s manual: Everything you need to know to start up and run your business. Career Press. Lank, E. (2003). Modern real estate practice in New York: For salespersons and brokers. La Crosse, WI: Dearborn Real Estate. Peca, S. P. (2009). Real estate development and investment: A comprehensive approach. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Perlis, A.; & Bradley, B. (2004). The unofficial guide to buying a home. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons. Steingold, F. S.; & Steingold, F. (2010). Legal forms for starting & running a small business. Berkeley, California: Nolo. Tamper, R. (2002). Mastering real estate mathematics. La Crosse, WI:Â   Dearborn Real Estate.

same sex marriage

same sex marriage

Analysis of the play Romeo and Juliet

Analysis of the play Romeo and Juliet My experience watching the theatre show about ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was wonderful judging from the relevancy of the show with the original written script. Generally, the play was interesting with a performance of above average rating. Furthermore, it exhibited the most important aspects of a true Romeo and Juliet narrative.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the play ‘Romeo and Juliet’ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Apart from the entire production, I was impressed with the script since it presented all the major themes in a typical Romeo and Juliet volume. Some of the vital themes from the author’s narrative include the theme of fate. A perfect example of fate from the play was when lord Capulet’s servant tried to find an intellectual who possibly will read the guest list to him. In that exact moment, Benvolio and Romeo enter the room, and Romeo declared his reading ab ility. This unplanned meeting highlights the weight of destiny in the show. Another interesting scene of the production that makes it real understanding of the authors work is the casting of the romantic love between Romeo and Juliet, the physical love of the nurse and the contractual love by Paris. Lastly, the film displayed the actual meaning of gender and social disparity. A perfect example from the film (that communicated the real meaning of the author’s narrative) is Mercutio who proposed dissimilarity among people depending on ranking or social class. The direction of the film was excellent, for the fact that the director casting choice was perfect. This aspect added taste to the entire play and made it appear real as narrated in the novel. The setting of the show was perfect, with a fitting decoration of traditional English background. The set was up to my expectation, and it accommodated the various locations required for the story. Also the set added the traditional English value to the production. Could I see everything? Perfectly well, the use of black and white lighting heightened the whole experience because they added visual interest, suggested relevant atmosphere and above all distinguished between foreground and background of the stage. I could tell from the varying shapes of light on the stage that gobos lighting was employed. This gave the production a high standard ancient-like production.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The costumes were appropriate for the characters and the period which the original event took place in ancient England. From the show, it was observed that various colors symbolized different status in ancient England. Another observation about the costume of the characters is the use of shield or guard. The dressing code in the film helped me to identify the different social classes that I would not have identified. The props suited the occasion because old traditional furniture occupied the stage and this enhanced relevancy and similarity with the original ancient setting. This enabled me to connect with the story in a realistic way. The sound was quite disruptive at some point due to a technical hitch; this rather diverted my attention from the flow of the play for a while. Generally, the sound was audible and it produced a fair performance apart from the technical hitch. Generally, the film was an excellent production, all the characters were represented in the play and this made the play consistent. Besides, Romeo and Juliet performance enhanced the play and improved the production with original feature. In summary, the whole performance of the play was interesting and enhanced better knowledge of Romeo and Juliet actual narrative.

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Case Study Example hough in relation to our corporate ethics, I believe in following the chain of command and have to report to my immediate supervisor, which in this case is you. There is no need for urgency in rushing through this contract, and selling a sub-standard product to a client. I was of the opinion that if final touches was done on this wonderful product, it would give us better business, and more clients would be willing to get into contract with us. Another reason for my hesitation is the client we are getting into an agreement with. Eastern Wisconsin University is a regional university. Yet for such a product, that causes so much excitement to our engineers, and of course, the impact it would have on the market, a major institution would not shy from it in whatsoever manner. From the data, I gathered that testing was actually done in the lab under approximated temperatures. The tests talk about temperatures below 10 degrees Fahrenheit of freezing point or slightly below zero, but nothing under 10 degrees below zero is mentioned. In our country, temperatures fall up to 50 degrees below freezing point, although rare, such information would have been helpful in proving the credibility of our product. Being a writer, engineering features and workability of â€Å"Hot Spot† could have been explained to me to shed some more light into what it is all about, to have a vivid picture as I write. The only understanding I have on the product is that it consist of premade plate fitted underneath with low wattage circuitry that run and mate with existing sidewalk. It would be fair enough for us to disclose a few features of regarding our product and its workability to the client. After my lunch break, I received two memos that clarify the status of â€Å"Hot Blocks.† A memo from Mr. Robert to Bob states that after testing â€Å"Hot Blocks† under temperatures between 32 and 50 degrees Fahrenheit, it gave perfect results of the function of melting snow both in rapid runoff and of

Building and Sustaining School culture Research Paper - 1

Building and Sustaining School culture - Research Paper Example In addition, it also discusses the inherent suppositions held by staff members coherent to the customs of schools. Creating awareness of culture within school settings can trigger scholars and tutors to take on tasks that promote growth. A school is an organization that has its own principles, values and norms. Culture is not a distinguishable aspect of a school setting. A school culture encloses teachers developing their attitudes and impacting their conclusions and deeds. Culture manipulates all facets of a school, as well as such aspects as teacher’s dressing, what the teachers talk about during their breaks, how the teachers decorate their class rooms and the teacher’s stress on definite facets of the program of study. This research paper will focus on the factors that can help in building and sustaining school culture within school settings and institutions and the key players. Sarason (1996) refers culture within a school setting as the set of beliefs and values coherent among the school leaders in steering the school, and interpreted by the students into proper conducts and armored through installation of discipline. School cultures are formed and transformed over time. Needless to say, there is a broad correspondence among authors and scholars on how school cultures reacts to and replicates community attributes held by the students. For this reason, school culture can be expressed as the air we breathe. It is hardly noticeable. Moreover, it also typifies the traits and values of its leaders (Sarason, 1996). School culture is a dynamic aspect that is continuously â€Å"being constructed and shaped through dealings with other and replications on life and the world in general† (Sarason, 1996, p 27). Culture in school grows as â€Å"teachers associate with each other, students and the community† (Barth, 1990, p. 123).Sarason (1996) argues that it â€Å"becomes the guide for behavior shared among members of the school at large†